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The European Social Survey (ESS) is an academically driven cross-national survey, founded in 2001. It has been administered in 40 countries to date. Its three aims are, firstly – to monitor and interpret changing public attitudes and values within Europe and to investigate how they interact with Europe's changing institutions, secondly – to advance and consolidate improved methods of cross-national survey measurement in Europe and beyond, and thirdly – to develop a series of European social indicators, including attitudinal indicators. The survey involves strict random probability sampling, high response rate and rigorous translation protocols. ESS data collection is based on an hour-long face-to-face interview. Due to the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic at Round 10, a total of 9 countries switched to a self-completion (web and paper) approach, while 22 countries used ESS’s usual face-to-face fieldwork approach. In addition, countries opting for the usual face-to-face approach, could use video interviews as a back-up for the in-person interviews. Caution is advised when making comparisons between countries using face-to-face and self-completion approaches at ESS Round 10, and when making time series comparisons in a country that has used a self-completion approach at Round 10. Another impact of the pandemic was that Round 10 fieldwork was carried out over a longer period than a usual ESS Round. The first country started fieldwork in September 2020 and the final countries finished fieldwork in August 2022. The pandemic may have resulted in some attitudinal and behavioural changes; therefore, the timing of fieldwork may be particularly important at this round. Users are encouraged to review the fieldwork dates for countries and consider this when carrying out analysis between Round 10 participating countries, or when comparing country level results at Round 10 with previous ESS rounds.
Background: With data becoming a centerpiece of modern scientific discovery, data sharing by scientists is now a crucial element of scientific progress. This article aims to provide an in-depth examination of the practices and perceptions of data management, including data storage, data sharing, and data use and reuse by scientists around the world. Methods: The Usability and Assessment Working Group of DataONE, an NSF-funded environmental cyberinfrastructure project, distributed a survey to a multinational and multidisciplinary sample of scientific researchers in a two-waves approach in 2017-2018. We focused our analysis on examining the differences across age groups, sub-disciplines of science, and sectors of employment. Findings: Most respondents displayed what we describe as high and moderate risk data practices by storing their data on their personal computer, departmental servers or USB drives. Respondents appeared to be satisfied with short-term storage solutions; however, only half of them are satisfied with available mechanisms for storing data beyond the life of the process. Data sharing and data reuse were viewed positively: over 85% of respondents admitted they would be willing to share their data with others and said they would use data collected by others if it could be easily accessed. A vast majority of respondents felt that the lack of access to data generated by other researchers or institutions was a major impediment to progress in science at large, yet only about a half thought that it restricted their own ability to answer scientific questions. Although attitudes towards data sharing and data use and reuse are mostly positive, practice does not always support data storage, sharing, and future reuse. Assistance through data managers or data librarians, readily available data repositories for both long-term and short-term storage, and educational programs for both awareness and to help engender good data practices are clearly needed.
2017-01-01
This study examined the factors influencing the decision-making of primary care physicians and nurses in providing self-management support to patients with chronic diseases. The aim of this research was to determine the relative importance of various patient factors in health professionals' decision-making.
The Carnegie Middle East Governance and Islam Dataset was created by Mark Tessler at the University of Michigan. The data set includes both individual-level and country-level variables. Data on individual-level variables are drawn from 35 surveys carried out in 12 Arab countries, Turkey and Iran. Most of the surveys were carried out either as the first wave of the Arab Barometer, the third, fourth and fifth waves of the World Values Survey, or a project on attitudes related to governance carried out by Mark Tessler with funding from the National Science Foundation.
This survey was conducted in the framework of the Council of Europe Co-operation Project 'Fight against Discrimination, Hate Crime and Hate Speech in Georgia'. The opinions expressed in the survey and within the report based on it are the responsibility of the author and do not necessarily reflect the official policy of the Council of Europe.
Limited data among miners in Tanzania suggests prevalence of silicosis, obstructive lung disease and restrictive lung disease to be around 1.6%, 1.9% and 8.8% respectively. Our study aimed to determine the prevalence and factors associated with silicosis and impaired lung function among tanzanite mining community in northern Tanzania. We conducted a cross-sectional study, involving 330 miners and 330 peri-mining community members in Mererani mines. Silicosis was defined based on study participants’ history of exposure to mining dust and digital chest radiological findings with reference to the 2011 ILO classification of pneumoconiosis. Impaired lung function was determined by spirometry using American Thoracic Society/European Respiratory Society recommended system 3. Association between evidence of silicosis/impaired lung function and presumed risk factors were determined using binary logistic regression analyses. The study found that 99/330 (30.0%) of miners had silicosis. Total of 65 (9.8%) participants had impaired lung function, of whom 29 (4.4%) had Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, 32 (4.8%) had restrictive lung disease and 4 (0.6%) had both obstructive and restrictive lung diseases. Unexpectedly, miners who have worked for more than 10years and those worked for 6 to 10 years had 64% (aOR 0.34, CI = 0.17–0.67, p = 0.002) and 48% (aOR 0.52, CI = 0.30–0.89, p = 0.018) lower odds of having silicosis respectively compared those worked for up to 5 years. Participants with more than 10 years of work duration had more than 3-times higher odds of impaired lung function compared to those who had worked for up to 5 years (aOR 3.11, CI = 1.53–6.34, p<0.002). We found a concerningly high prevalence of silicosis despite short durations of exposure to occupational silica dust. Immediate dust control measures including deployment of wet drilling, wearing of personal protective equipment and regular monitoring of dust exposure need to be enforced by the Occupational Safety and Health Authority–Tanzania.
The purpose of this study is to understand, compare, and contrast professional experiences, perceptions, and beliefs among personnel in academic libraries in the USA and in Germany, which may inform future library and librarian collaborations between the two countries. Notable findings include differences in: respondents’ professional backgrounds; services offered by, and perceived adequacy and support of, respondents’ libraries; and views of the library profession and its future.
The 2012 Americas Barometer survey was conducted in Spring 2012 in 26 countries, with a total sample of 40,971 individuals (with individual country samples ranging from 1,412 in Haiti to 3,009 in Bolivia). The questionnaire consisted of a core set of questions (tailored to country-specific terminology) and was administered by a domestic research institute, in most cases university-base . In all countries except Canada and the USA, the survey was administered as in person interviews in people’s homes. The Canadian survey is an adapted version of the core version developed by LAPOP, with appropriate customization of terminology and the inclusion of additional questions of particular relevance to the Canadian context. The survey was conducted in English and French by Elemental Data Collection Inc., using an established online panel with a representative sample of 1,501 Canadians (aged 18 and over) between May 15 and 22, 2012. The sample was weighted by region, age and gender to match the country's population. The survey focuses on the following themes: • Attitudes about democracy and public institutions • Citizen engagement in the democratic process • Protection of democratic rights and freedoms • The rule of law and personal security • Government’s role in economic equality
This dataset represents a comprehensive exploration of ecosystem restoration practices and their impacts on both ecological and human wellbeing indicators. Traditionally, ecosystem restoration efforts have focused on ecological benchmarks such as water and habitat quality, species abundance, and vegetation cover. However, there is an increasing recognition of the interplay between restoration and human communities, evidenced by positive socio-ecological connections like property value, natural hazard mitigation, recreation opportunities, and overall happiness. With the United Nations declaring 2021-2030 as the "Decade of Ecosystem Restoration" and a push for more socio-ecological goals in restoration, this dataset delves into the degree to which restoration practitioners consider human wellbeing. It is based on a case study of the Great Lakes Restoration Initiative (GLRI), a federally funded program that has awarded over $3.5 billion to 5,300 projects. A total of 1,574 GLRI projects were surveyed, with 437 responses received, revealing that almost half of these projects set human wellbeing goals, and more than 70% believed they achieved them. In comparison, 90% of project managers believed they met their ecological goals. This dataset highlights the documented perceptions of positive impacts on both people and nature, suggesting that restoration efforts often go beyond traditional indicators. As such, it advocates for the adoption of a socio-ecological perspective in ecosystem restoration programs to comprehensively document the full extent of restoration outcomes. The data collection process included a survey methodology, and the dataset provides insights into project design, implementation, and success measurements. The data was collected between November 2020 and March 2021, with a maximum of three contact attempts for each project. It offers a unique perspective on the relationship between ecosystem restoration and human wellbeing, emphasizing the importance of capturing the often "unseen" benefits of these projects.
Burn injury is a major contributor to morbidity and mortality in developing countries. In Ethiopia, the outcome of burn injuries and associated factors among burn patients were not clearly described. To assess the outcome of burn injuries and its associated factors among burn patients attending public hospitals in the North, showa Zone, Ethiopia. An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 420 burn patients in public hospitals of the North showa, zone. Systematic random sampling was used to select study participants. Structured checklists were used to extract data from burn patients’ medical records. Data was entered using Epi-Data version 4.6. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 25. A p- value of ≤ 0.05 in the multivariable logistic regression was used to declare a significant association. In this study, the prevalence of discharges with complications was 40.9% (95% CI: 36.5–45.6). The odds of developing complications among patients having pre-hospital intervention were nearly four times the odds of not having the intervention (AOR = 3.8, 95% CI, 1.11–13.25). The odds of developing complications among patients having scalds were four times the odds of not having scalds (AOR = 4.3, 95% CI, 1.52–12.32). A patient who received fluid and electrolytes was 76% less likely to develop the outcome of burn injury discharged with burn complications. Patients with TBSA less than 20% were 66% less likely to be discharged with complications compared to patients with TBSA greater than 20%.: This study demonstrates a significantly higher level of outcome for patients with burn injuries who were discharged with complications, leading to death and other bad outcomes. Therefore, stakeholder would more emphasis in health education on prevention of burn injuries, first aid treatment of burn, treatment of the cause of burns, and providing fluid and electrolytes.