3 provinces · 2 cities · 37 other
Description
Subregions
Extrapulmonary Tuberculosis (EPTB) poses challenges from patient and health system perspectives. The cost-effectiveness analysis of the Xpert MTB/RIF (Xpert) test to diagnose pulmonary tuberculosis is documented. However, there are no economic evaluations for EPTB. Considering the reported better diagnostic sensitivity of the MPT64 test, this study explored its cost-effectiveness as an alternative diagnostic test. We conducted this economic evaluation to assess the cost-effectiveness of the MPT64 test compared to Xpert and ZN microscopy for EPTB adult patients. We utilised a Markov modelling approach to capture short- and long-term costs and benefits from a health system perspective. For the model inputs, we combined data from our cohort studies in Tanzania and peer-reviewed EPTB literature. We calculated the Incremental Cost Effectiveness Ratio (ICER) by comparing the cost (in USD) of each diagnostic test and Quality Adjusted Life Years (QALYs) as health gain. We found the MPT64 test cost-effective for EPTB diagnosis and absolutely dominated ZN microscopy and Xpert using the baseline model inputs. A scenario analysis showed that the Xpert test might be the most cost-effective at its higher test sensitivity, which corresponds to using it to diagnose lymph node aspirates. The prevalence of HIV among EPTB cases, their probability of treatment, costs of ART, and the probability of the MPT64 test in detecting EPTB patients were the main parameters associated with the highest impact on ICER in one-way deterministic analysis. The most cost-effective option for EPTB at the baseline parameters was the MPT64 diagnostic test. Including the MPT64 test in EPTB diagnostic pathways for previously untreated patients can lead to better resource use. The Xpert test was the most cost-effective diagnostic intervention at a higher diagnostic test sensitivity in scenario analyses based on different sites of infection, such as for the lymph node aspirates.
Objectives: To estimate hepatitis B vaccination (HBVc) coverage, and knowledge and socio-demographic determinants of full-dose uptake in Federal Road Safety Corps (FRSC) members, Kaduna State, Nigeria in order to inform relevant targeted vaccination policies. Design: A cross-sectional survey of FRSC members, Kaduna Sector Command. Settings: Six randomly-selected Unit Commands under Kaduna Sector Command, Kaduna State, Nigeria. Participants: Pilot-tested structured self-administered questionnaire was administered to 341 participants aged 18 years and above with ≥6 months of service between 17th June and 22nd July, 2015. Excluded were FRSC members in Road Safety (RS) 1 Zonal Command headquarters as the Zonal Command includes other States beyond the study scope. Primary Outcome: HBVc status of participants categorized as ‘not vaccinated’ for uptake of <3 doses and ‘vaccinated’ for uptake of ≥3 doses. Analysis: Descriptive analysis estimated HBVc coverage while logistic regression ascertained associations. Results: Most participants were males, aged 30-39 years, with 3-10 years of service, and of Marshal cadre. HBVc coverage was 60.9% for ≥1 dose and 30.5% for ≥3 doses. Less than 47% of participants scored above the mean knowledge score for hepatitis B virus (HBV) and HBVc. Female sex (AOR 2.28, 95% CI 1.15-4.52, p<0.05), perceiving there to be an occupational risk of exposure to HBV (AOR 2.86, 95% CI 1.06-7.70, p<0.001), and increasing HBVc knowledge (AOR 2.68, 95% CI 1.83-3.92, p<0.001) were independent predictors of full-dose HBVc in FRSC members, Kaduna Sector Command. Conclusions: HBVc coverage and knowledge are poor among FRSC members, Kaduna Sector Command. Educational intervention, geared towards improving FRSC members’ knowledge of HBVc and perception of risk of occupational exposure to HBV, is recommended for these vulnerable public safety workers. Such enlightenment could be a cheap and easy way of improving HBVc coverage in the study population.
The PISA for Development programme aims to encourage and facilitate PISA participation by interested and motivated low- and middle-income countries. From this page you can download the PISA for Development dataset with the full set of responses from: In-school assessment: individual students, school principals and teachers Out-of-school assessment: individual respondents, parents/guardians of respondents and interviewer household observations These files will be of use to statisticians and professional researchers who would like to undertake their own analysis of the PISA for Development data. The files available on this page include questionnaires, codebooks, data files in SAS™ and SPSS™ formats, database compendia and tables including system-level data and descriptive analyses that were created to support the reporting of PISA for Development results by participating countries. The main data files for each assessment relate to: In-school assessment: student questionnaire (which also includes estimates of student performance), school questionnaire, teacher questionnaire and cognitive items Out-of-school assessment: respondent questionnaires (including youth, parent/guardian and household observation questionnaires, as well as estimates of respondent performance), cognitive items and questionnaire timing These files include data for participating countries: In-school assessment: Cambodia, Ecuador, Guatemala, Honduras, Paraguay, Senegal and Zambia Out-of-school assessment: Guatemala, Honduras, Panama, Paraguay and Senegal
The PISA for Development programme aims to encourage and facilitate PISA participation by interested and motivated low- and middle-income countries. From this page you can download the PISA for Development dataset with the full set of responses from: In-school assessment: individual students, school principals and teachers Out-of-school assessment: individual respondents, parents/guardians of respondents and interviewer household observations These files will be of use to statisticians and professional researchers who would like to undertake their own analysis of the PISA for Development data. The files available on this page include questionnaires, codebooks, data files in SAS™ and SPSS™ formats, database compendia and tables including system-level data and descriptive analyses that were created to support the reporting of PISA for Development results by participating countries. The main data files for each assessment relate to: In-school assessment: student questionnaire (which also includes estimates of student performance), school questionnaire, teacher questionnaire and cognitive items Out-of-school assessment: respondent questionnaires (including youth, parent/guardian and household observation questionnaires, as well as estimates of respondent performance), cognitive items and questionnaire timing These files include data for participating countries: In-school assessment: Cambodia, Ecuador, Guatemala, Honduras, Paraguay, Senegal and Zambia Out-of-school assessment: Guatemala, Honduras, Panama, Paraguay and Senegal
The PISA for Development programme aims to encourage and facilitate PISA participation by interested and motivated low- and middle-income countries. From this page you can download the PISA for Development dataset with the full set of responses from: In-school assessment: individual students, school principals and teachers Out-of-school assessment: individual respondents, parents/guardians of respondents and interviewer household observations These files will be of use to statisticians and professional researchers who would like to undertake their own analysis of the PISA for Development data. The files available on this page include questionnaires, codebooks, data files in SAS™ and SPSS™ formats, database compendia and tables including system-level data and descriptive analyses that were created to support the reporting of PISA for Development results by participating countries. The main data files for each assessment relate to: In-school assessment: student questionnaire (which also includes estimates of student performance), school questionnaire, teacher questionnaire and cognitive items Out-of-school assessment: respondent questionnaires (including youth, parent/guardian and household observation questionnaires, as well as estimates of respondent performance), cognitive items and questionnaire timing These files include data for participating countries: In-school assessment: Cambodia, Ecuador, Guatemala, Honduras, Paraguay, Senegal and Zambia Out-of-school assessment: Guatemala, Honduras, Panama, Paraguay and Senegal
Environics Corporate Social Responsibility Monitor 2002 is a survey of global public opinion on the role of companies in society. This survey is based on the the results of face-to-face or telephone surveys with representative samples of about 1,000 citizens in each of 25 countries on six continents at varying stages of development. Research was carried out by respected social research institutes in each country between October and December 2001.
The Millennium Poll on Corporate Social Responsibility 1999 is a survey of global public opinion on the role of companies in society. This survey is based on the the results of face-to-face or telephone surveys with representative samples of about 1,000 citizens in each of 23 countries on six continents at varying stages of development.
Environics Corporate Social Responsibility Monitor 2002 is a survey of global public opinion on the role of companies in society. This survey is based on the the results of face-to-face or telephone surveys with representative samples of about 1,000 citizens in each of 25 countries on six continents at varying stages of development. The survey was fielded after September 11 in each country. Media focus on the Enron Corp. did not begin until the survey was completed in the USA.
The PISA (Programme for International Student Assessment) for Development programme aims to encourage and facilitate PISA participation by interested and motivated low- and middle-income countries. From this page you can download the PISA for Development dataset with the full set of responses from: In-school assessment: individual students, school principals and teachers Out-of-school assessment: individual respondents, parents/guardians of respondents and interviewer household observations These files will be of use to statisticians and professional researchers who would like to undertake their own analysis of the PISA for Development data. The files available on this page include questionnaires, codebooks, data files in SAS™ and SPSS™ formats, database compendia and tables including system-level data and descriptive analyses that were created to support the reporting of PISA for Development results by participating countries. The main data files for each assessment relate to: In-school assessment: student questionnaire (which also includes estimates of student performance), school questionnaire, teacher questionnaire and cognitive items Out-of-school assessment: respondent questionnaires (including youth, parent/guardian and household observation questionnaires, as well as estimates of respondent performance), cognitive items and questionnaire timing These files include data for participating countries: In-school assessment: Cambodia, Ecuador, Guatemala, Honduras, Paraguay, Senegal and Zambia Out-of-school assessment: Guatemala, Honduras, Panama, Paraguay and Senegal
The incorporation of data sharing into the research lifecycle is an important part of modern scholarly debate. In this study, the DataONE Usability and Assessment working group addresses two primary goals: To examine the current state of data sharing and reuse perceptions and practices among research scientists as they compare to the 2009/2010 baseline study, and to examine differences in practices and perceptions across age groups, geographic regions, and subject disciplines. We distributed surveys to a multinational sample of scientific researchers at two different time periods (October 2009 to July 2010 and October 2013 to March 2014) to observe current states of data sharing and to see what, if any, changes have occurred in the past 3–4 years. We also looked at differences across age, geographic, and discipline-based groups as they currently exist in the 2013/2014 survey. Results point to increased acceptance of and willingness to engage in data sharing, as well as an increase in actual data sharing behaviors. However, there is also increased perceived risk associated with data sharing, and specific barriers to data sharing persist. There are also differences across age groups, with younger respondents feeling more favorably toward data sharing and reuse, yet making less of their data available than older respondents. Geographic differences exist as well, which can in part be understood in terms of collectivist and individualist cultural differences. An examination of subject disciplines shows that the constraints and enablers of data sharing and reuse manifest differently across disciplines. Implications of these findings include the continued need to build infrastructure that promotes data sharing while recognizing the needs of different research communities. Moving into the future, organizations such as DataONE will continue to assess, monitor, educate, and provide the infrastructure necessary to support such complex grand science challenges.
